Industry 4.0 Technologies and Sustainability: A Systematic Review of Advanced Technologies and Collaborative Models

Abstract

The synthesis of metal oxide nanomaterials for energy storage and optimization of their electrochemical performance Industry 4.0 technologies demonstrate strong potential to enhance sustainable industrial practices; however, their holistic and integrated application across sustainability dimensions remains insufficiently explored in the literature. This paper presents a systematic review examining how Industry 4.0 technologies contribute to sustainability across environmental, economic, and social dimensions, identifying dominant technologies, sectoral adoption patterns, existing gaps, and alignment with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. A systematic literature review of peer- reviewed articles published between 2015 and 2025 was conducted using the PRISMA framework, combining bibliometric analysis with qualitative content analysis to assess technological contributions, sectoral applications, and sustainability outcomes. The results show that Internet of Things and Artificial Intelligence are the most frequently adopted Industry 4.0 technologies, predominantly contributing to environmental and economic sustainability. Social sustainability remains significantly underrepresented. Manufacturing and energy sectors lead adoption, while agricultural and construction sectors lag despite their high potential. Major challenges include data privacy risks associated with IoT and scalability limitations of blockchain technologies, with mitigation strategies focusing mainly on SME- oriented adoption models.